开云体育但是这些句子若是酿成被迫结构时-🔥星空app官网版下载v.9.55.87-星空app
一、主谓一致常考贫困
1、一些有两个部分组成的名词示意衣物或器具作东语时, 谓语时常用复数体式:glasses, clothes, trousers, shoes, compasses, chopsticks, scissors等。
2、若是主语用a kind of , a pair of , a series of等加名词组成时, 谓语动词
一般用单数体式。举例:A pair of shoes was on the desk.
3、比肩主语若是指的是兼并个东谈主、兼并事物或兼并观点时, 谓语动词用单数体式, 这时and背面的名词莫得冠词。举例: Truth and honesty is the best policy.
4、当主语背面跟有as well as, as much as , no less than, along with, with, like, rather than, together with, but, except, besides, including, in addition to等教授的词组时, 其谓语动词的单、复数按主语的单、复数而定。举例: The teacher as well as the students was excited.
伸开剩余94%5、A (great) number of修饰可数复数名词, 谓语动词用复数; a great deal of, a large amount of 修饰不可数名词, 其短语作东语时, 谓语动词用单数。
6、揣度代词who, that, which等在定语从句中作东语时, 其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。举例:Those who want to go please sign your names here.
7、季节、月份、星期、节日、沐日、一日三餐、学科称号,球类、棋类名词称号前一般不加冠词。 1/2 one(a) half 1/4 one(a) quarter
二、步地词的限定
1、适度词+数目步地词(序数词在前,基数词在后)+性状步地词+大小、口角、上下等形骸+新旧+脸色+国藉+材料。
2、某些以a-首先的步地词举例:afraid,alike,alone,asleep,awake, alive 等只可作表语,不可作定语。
3、某些以-ly扫尾的词是步地词而不是副词:friendly,lively, lovely,lonely,likely,deadly,silly,orderly, timely等。
1)close接近地 closely仔细地,密切地
2)free 免费地 freely目田地,无死板地
3)hard起劲地 hardly着实不
4)late 晚,迟 lately 近来
5)most 极,尽头 mostly主要隘
6)wide巨大地,充分地 widely鄙俗地
7)high高 highly高度地,尽头地
8)deep深,迟 deeply笼统道理的“深”
9)loud高声地 loudly高声地(含有喧闹的真理)
10)near周边 nearly着实
三、相比级,最高档
1、示意一方不足另一方时,用“less+原级+than”的结构示意:This room is less beautiful than that one.
2、示意一方超过另一方的进度或数目时,可在相比级前加示意进度的状语,如:even,a lot,a bit,a little,still,much,far, yet, by far等修饰,举例:He works even harder than before.
3、by far 时常用于强调最高档。用于相比级时,一般放在相比级的背面, 如放在前边,应在二者中间加“the”。举例:He is taller by far than his brother.
4、某些以-or扫尾的步地词进行相比时,用to代替than。superior,junior,senior等。举例:He is superior to Mr. Wang in mathematics.
5、在相比从句中为了幸免重迭时常用that(Those),one(ones)代替前边出现的名词。
that指物,one既可指东谈主,也可指物。that可代替可数名词单数和不可数名词,而one只可代替可数名词。举例:The book on the table is more interesting than that on the desk.
6、示意倍数的相比级有如下几种句型:
A is three (four, etc.) times the size (height, length, width, etc) of B. 举例:The new building is four times the size (the height) of the old one. 这座新楼是那座旧楼的四倍大(四倍高)。[高三倍]
A is three (four, etc.) times as big (high, long, wide, etc.) as B.举例:Asia is four times as large as Europe.亚洲是欧洲的四倍大。
A is three (four, etc.) times bigger (higher, longer, wider) than B. 举例:Your school is three times bigger than ours. 你们的学校比咱们的学校大三倍。
示意两倍不错用 twice 或 double。
7、示意“最高进度”的步地词,如excellent,extreme,perfect等,莫得最高档,也不可用相比级。
四、so, such
1、若是复数名词前有many、few,不可数名词前有much、little等示意量的步地词时,该用so而无须such。如:
I've had so many falls that I'm black and blue all over.
2、当little不示意数目而示意“小”的真理时,仍用such。如:
They are such little children that the they cannot clean the house by themselves.
五、almost与nearly
1、在very, pretty, not后用nearly, 无须almost。举例: I'm not nearly ready.
2、在any, no, none, never前用almost, 无须nearly。举例: I almost never see her.
六、姿色动词
1、need 示意“需要”或“必须”,作姿色动词时,仅用于辩白句或疑问句中。在笃定句中一般用must, have to, ought to或should 代替。举例:Need I finish the work today? --Yes, you must.
谛视:needn't have done“示意蓝本不必作念某事而本体上作念了某事”。举例:You needn't have waited for me.
2、“should have done”示意应该作念到而本体上莫得作念到。举例:You should have started earlier.你应该早点运行。
3、“ought to have done”示意夙昔应作念某事而本体未作念。举例:You ought to have helped him (but you didn't) 。其时你应该帮他的(但是你莫得)。
4、书报的标题,演义等情节先容常用一般当今时。
5、示意嗅觉,愿望和情景的某些动词如have, be, hear, see, like等词一般无须进行时。
七、主动结构表被迫
有些动词体式上是主动结构,但示意被迫的真理。常见的有可和 well, easily 等副词连用的不足物动词sell, wash, write, read, clean, cook等。举例:The cloth washes well.这布很经洗。
八、凭空口吻的结构“(should)+动词原形
1、在动词 arrange, command, demand, desire, insist, order, propose, request, require, suggest等背面的宾语从句顶用“(should)+ 动词原形”(凭空口吻)举例:We suggested that we (should) have a meeting.
2、作advice, idea, order, demand, plan, proposal, suggestion, request等名词的表语从句和同位语从句,其谓语动词要用凭空口吻的结构“(should)+动词原形”。举例:We all agreed to his suggestion that we(should) go to Beijing for sightseeing.
九、+to
1、在feel, hear, notice, observe, see, watch, have, let, make等词后的补足语中,不定式不带to。但是这些句子若是酿成被迫结构时,就必须带to。举例:He is often heard to sing the song.
2、不定式动词在介词but, except, besides背面时,若是这些介词之前有行为动词do的各式体式,那么,这些介词后的不定式不带to,不然要带to.举例:
-What do you like to do besides swim?
-I have no choice but to go.
十
作定语的不定式若是是不足物动词,能够不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式当作的所在、器具等,不定式背面须有相应的介词。
1、There / It is no use/ good/ not any use/ good/ useless doing sth.
举例:He is looking for a room to live in.
2、动词后不错用动名词朽木难雕,但不可用不定式:
admit, appreciate, avoid, consider, delay, enjoy, escape, excuse, feel like, finish, forgive, give up, imagine, include, keep, mention, mind, miss, practice, put off, resist, risk, suggest, can't help, can't stand(无法哑忍)等。
举例:I tried not to go there. (我设法不去哪里。)
I tried doing it again. (我试着又干了一次。)
3、mean to do 特意... mean doing意味着...
I mean to come early today. (我蓄意今天早些来。)
Missing the train means waiting for another hour. (误了这趟火车意味着再等一个小时。)
十一
动词need, require, want作“需要”解,自后跟动词作它的宾语时,若示意的含义是被迫的,必须用动名词,或不定式的被迫式。
举例: The window needs(requires, wants)cleaning(to be cleaned).
在短语devote to, look forward to, pay attention to, stick to, be used to, object to, thank you for, excuse me for 等后的动词也必须用动名词体式,举例:
I look forward to hearing from you soon.
Badly polluted, the water cannot be drunk. (原因)
Being written in haste, the composition is full of mistakes. (原因,强调写的流程,故利用当今分词一般被迫式)
Having been deserted by his guide, he couldn't find his way through the jungle.(为了强调已完成的当作)
Asked to stay, I couldn't very well refuse.
这里 asked 可能意味着 having been asked, 也可能意味着when/since I was asked, 但用了 having been asked 就不会有歧义。
底下句中夙昔分词示意的时分与谓语动词所示意的时分换取,是以不可代之以强调先于谓语动词的当今分词完成被迫式。举例: Covered with confusion, I left the room.我很窘地离开了房间。 United, we stand; divided, we fall. 合作则存,分别则一火。 He used to live in London, use(d)n't he /didn't he?
There used to be a cinema here before the war, use(d)n't there /didn't there?
Such things ought not to be allowed, ought they? He ought to be punished, oughtn't he?
但在平稳体裁中,用ought we not体式。举例:
We ought to go, ought we not?或We ought to go ,should we not?
十二
含有姿色动词must的句子示意推则,作“思必”解时,疑问部分不可用mustn't
1、若前句强调对当今情况的预料,疑问部分用aren't(isn't)十主语,举例:You must be tired,aren't you?
2、若述说部分的must示意“有必要”时,附加疑问句部分则用needn't。举例:You must go home right now, needn't you?
3、当mustn't 示意遏止时,附加疑问部分一般用must。如: You mustn't walk on grass, must you?
4、前句谓语动词是must have+夙昔分词时,若前句强调对夙昔情况的预料(一般有夙昔时分状语),疑问部分的谓语动词用didn't+主语;若前句强调换作的完成,疑问部分的谓语动词用haven't(hasn't)+主语, 举例: He must have met her yesterday, didn't he?
5、述说句谓语部分出现辩白词缀时(前缀或后缀),疑问部分仍用辩白结构。举例:He is unfit for his office, isn't he?
6、若是述说部分包含有no, never, hardly, seldom, few, little, nowhere, nothing等辩白或半辩白词时,疑问部分用笃定体式。举例:He is hardly 14 years old, is he?
7、若是述说部分的主语为everyone, someone, no one等不定代词,其疑问部分的主语可用he,也可用they。 举例:
Everyone knows his job, doesn't he?
Let's go there, shall we? Let us go there, will you?
十三
同位语从句跟在名词背面,进一步确认该名词的具体内容
教授同位语从句的名词主要有fact, news, promise, idea, truth等。运动词用that (无须which)及运动副词how, when, where, why等。举例:
His delay is due to the fact that the car went wrong halfway.
She asked the reason why there was a delay.
十四
然则只可用whether不可用if示意“是否”的情况如下:
1、在表语从句和同位语从句中。举例:
The question is whether the film is worth seeing.
The news whether our team has won the match is unknown.
2、在主语从句中,只消用it作体式主语时,whether和if齐能教授主语从句,不然,也只可用whether。举例:
Whether we shall attend the meeting hasn't been decided yet. It hasn't been decided whether(if)we shall attend the meeting.
3、在介词之后。(介词往往不错概略)举例:
It all depends (on) whether they will support us.
4、背面径直跟动词不定式时。举例:
He doesn't know whether to stay or not.
5、背面紧接or not 时。举例:
We didn't know whether or not she was ready.
6、教授腐败状语从句,只可用whether。举例:
Whether you like it or not, you must do it well.
7、用if会引起歧义时。举例:Please let me know if you like it. 该句有两个真理:“请告诉我你是否可爱”。或“若是你可爱,请告诉我。”用了whether就不错幸免。
十五、鄙人面几种情况下必须用“that”教授定语从句
1、先行词是不定代词:all, few, little, much, something, nothing, anything等。举例:
All that we have to do is to practice every day.
2、先行词被序数词或步地词最高档所修饰。举例:
The first lesson that I learned will never be forgotten.
3、先行词被all, any, every, each, few, little, no, some, 等修饰。举例:I have read all the book (that) you gave me.
4、先行词被 the only, the very, the same, the last 修饰时。 举例:He is the only person that I want to talk to.
5、先行词既有东谈主又有物时。举例:They talked of things and persons that they remembered in the school.
十六
先行词是示意所在时,要凭据从句的谓语动词是及物的已经不足物的。
1、若是是及物的就用that(which),不然用where。举例:This is the house where he lived last year.
2、用no sooner…than和hardly…when教授的从句示意“刚……就……”。
十七、倒装
1、主句中的动词一般用夙昔完成时,从句用夙昔时;况兼主句一般倒装,把助动词had提到前边。举例:Hardly had I entered the room when I heard a loud noise.
2、代词作东语时,主谓语序不变。举例:Here it is. Here he comes.
3、当句首状语为示意所在的介词词组时也时时引起一起倒装。举例:South of the city lies a big steel factory. From the valley came a frightening sound.
4、表语置于句首时,倒装结构为“表语+接续动词+主语”。举例:Present at the meeting were Professor White, Professor Smith and many other guests.
5、部分倒装
A)用于概略if的凭空条目状语从句。举例:Had you reviewed your lessons, you might have passed the examination.
B)用于“步地词(或名词、动词)+as(though)教授的腐败状语从句中。举例:Pretty as she is ,she is not clever. Try as he would, he might fail again.
C)若是从句的表语是名词,其名词前不加任何冠词。举例:Child as he was, he had to make a living.
D)用于no sooner…than…,hardly…when和not until的句型中。举例:Not until the teacher came did he finish his homework.
E)用于never, hardly, seldom, scarcely, barely, little, often, at no time, not only, not once等词起原的句子。 举例:Never shall I do this again.
Little did he know who the woman was.
F)用于以only起原的句子(only修饰副词,介词短语或状语从句时)。举例:Only this afternoon did I finish the novel.
G)若是only背面的词组不是状语,则无须倒装。 举例:Only Wang Ling knows this.
H)用于某些示意祝福的句子。举例:May you succeed! 祝你得手!
十八、罕见的名词复数
stomach-stomachs,
a German-three Germans,
an American-two Americans,
man cook - men cooks;
papers 报纸, 文献
manners划定
drinks饮料
in a word 简言之
in other words 换句话说
have words with 与某东谈主口舌
have a few words (a word) with sb.与某东谈主说几句话
某些集体名词开云体育, 如people, police, cattle等, 只当复数看待, 谓语动词必须用复数。举例:The police are searching for him.
发布于:江苏省